| name | Glycolic Acid (Chemical Compound) |
| Classification | Chemical exfoliant, Keratolytic |
| Pharmacokinetics | Glycolic acid is readily absorbed through the skin. The exact pharmacokinetic profile is not well documented for topical application as a cosmetic ingredient. Its metabolism occurs through the usual metabolic pathways in the body, but specific details are not readily available. |
| suggested dosage | Glycolic acid is *not* a medication; it is a chemical. Concentrations and recommended use vary significantly depending on the specific product (e.g., skincare product). No standard dosage is available for the general public. Always follow the instructions on the product label. Consult a dermatologist or skincare professional for personalized recommendations. |
| indications | Topical use in skincare products to improve skin texture, reduce the appearance of wrinkles, and fade age spots. Specific indications vary significantly with the product formulation and concentration. |
| Safety in pregnancy | Limited data exists. Use should be avoided during pregnancy unless specifically advised by a dermatologist or healthcare provider. The potential risks and benefits should be carefully weighed. |
| Safety in breastfeeding | Limited data exists. Use should be avoided during breastfeeding unless specifically advised by a dermatologist or healthcare provider. The potential risks and benefits should be carefully weighed. |
| side effects | | 1 | Skin irritation (e.g., redness, burning, dryness) | | 2 | Sensitivity to sunlight (phototoxicity): Can increase risk of sunburn. Sun protection is crucial when using products containing glycolic acid. | | 3 | Allergic reactions (e.g., rash, itching, swelling) | | 4 | Peeling | | 5 | Inflammation (erythema) | | 6 | Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) (dark spots) |
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| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity or allergy to glycolic acid or other ingredients in the product | | 2 | Active skin infections or conditions (e.g., open wounds, eczema, psoriasis) | | 3 | Recent sunburns | | 4 | Very sensitive skin | | 5 | Skin conditions known to be exacerbated by topical treatments (e.g., rosacea) | | 6 | Facial scarring or significant acne |
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| interactions | May interact with other topical skincare products, especially those containing other chemical exfoliants. May increase the sensitivity to sunlight, interacting with other skincare products which also have this effect. The potential interactions should be discussed with a dermatologist or skincare professional. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Always perform a patch test before widespread use on skin to check for potential reactions. | | 2 | Use in moderation and follow product instructions. | | 3 | Protect the skin from sun exposure when using glycolic acid, using sunscreens with high SPF. | | 4 | Consult a dermatologist or skincare professional if the skin reaction is significant or worsening. | | 5 | Concentrations vary greatly; higher concentrations of glycolic acid are used for more significant treatments and have stronger effects. The effects of the chemical exfoliant and the potential risks and benefits need to be carefully weighed in all cases. This is not a 'one size fits all' treatment |
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| additional informations | Glycolic acid is a common ingredient in skincare products but is not a prescription medication. The effectiveness and safety of topical use for specific individuals depend on many factors, and personalization of treatment is important. |
| patient specific notes | Age and weight are not directly relevant to treatment with glycolic acid as a skincare ingredient. The individual's skin type, sensitivity, and any underlying skin conditions are more important factors to consider when determining a treatment plan. |
