| name | Hormonal Patches |
| classification | Combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) |
| pharmacokinetics | Hormones (estrogen and progestin) are absorbed through the skin and enter the bloodstream. Levels fluctuate throughout the patch cycle, but generally are consistent once a steady state is reached. Metabolism primarily occurs in the liver. Excretion is via the kidneys and bile. |
| suggested dosage | Dosage and application frequency varies by specific patch formulation. Consult the package insert and healthcare provider for appropriate use. |
| indications | | 1 | Contraception | | 2 | Regulation of menstrual cycle | | 3 | Management of moderate acne | | 4 | Treatment of menorrhagia | | 5 | Relief of premenstrual syndrome symptoms (PMS) | | 6 | Reduction of ovarian cyst pain | | 7 | Reduction of endometriosis symptoms |
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| safety in pregnancy | ABSOLUTELY CONTRAINDICATED. Do not use if pregnant. If pregnancy occurs while using the patch, discontinue immediately. |
| safety in breastfeeding | May impact breast milk production or quality. Consult healthcare provider. |
| side effects | | 1 | Nausea, vomiting | | 2 | Headaches | | 3 | Breast tenderness | | 4 | Mood changes | | 5 | Weight changes | | 6 | Bloating | | 7 | Vaginal bleeding irregularities (spotting, breakthrough bleeding) | | 8 | Possible blood clots (venous thromboembolism - VTE) | | 9 | High blood pressure | | 10 | Increased risk of stroke or heart attack (especially in women with risk factors) | | 11 | Rarely, liver problems |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | History of blood clots (venous thromboembolism) | | 2 | History of stroke or heart attack | | 3 | Uncontrolled high blood pressure | | 4 | Significant liver disease | | 5 | Severe migraine with aura | | 6 | Known hypersensitivity to any component of the patch | | 7 | Pregnancy or breastfeeding |
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| interactions | | 1 | Certain medications like anticonvulsants (e.g., phenytoin, carbamazepine), antibiotics, and some medications for HIV or fungal infections may decrease hormonal effectiveness. Consult with a physician before combining with any other medication. | | 2 | Some medications can increase the risk of blood clots. Consult with a physician. |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Regular checkups with a healthcare provider are crucial for monitoring blood pressure and overall health. | | 2 | Women with a history of migraines, especially those with aura, should exercise caution and consult their doctor. | | 3 | Women with a history of blood clots, stroke or heart attack or other cardiovascular risks should discuss the use of this method with their provider. | | 4 | The effectiveness of the patch can decrease with improper use or placement. | | 5 | The information provided is for general knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalized guidance. |
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| additional informations | | 1 | Patch application and removal should be precise, as incorrect application can reduce effectiveness. Ensure the patch adheres properly. | | 2 | Some patches are for 3 weeks of use and the 4th week is for the absence of hormonal treatment to induce withdrawal bleeding. | | 3 | Weight and age are important factors in calculating the correct hormonal dosage and frequency. | | 4 | It's crucial for a 25-year-old male to understand this is a medication for women and is not relevant in his case. If he has concerns about contraception, consultation with a healthcare professional for male-specific options is essential. |
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