name | Inhaled Short-Acting Beta2 Agonists (e.g., SABAs) |
classification | Bronchodilators, sympathomimetics |
pharmacokinetics | absorption | Rapidly absorbed via inhalation, achieving peak effect within minutes. | distribution | Distributed throughout the respiratory system, primarily affecting the bronchi and bronchioles. | metabolism | Metabolized primarily in the liver. | excretion | Excreted primarily through the kidneys. |
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suggested dosage | note | Dosage varies significantly depending on the specific medication and individual patient response. It's crucial to follow the prescribed dosage and instructions from a healthcare professional. | example | Commonly inhaled as needed; doses should be tailored based on individual needs and symptom severity. Consult physician for specific dosage guidelines. | considerations | 1 | Patient weight and age, and severity of asthma or COPD | 2 | Frequency of use and potential for tachyphylaxis (tolerance) |
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indications | 1 | Treatment of acute bronchospasm, such as during an asthma attack or COPD exacerbation. | 2 | Prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm. |
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safety in pregnancy | note | SABAs are generally considered safe for use during pregnancy, although potentially teratogenic effects are not completely ruled out, particularly in the first trimester. | recommendation | Use only as prescribed by an obstetrician/gynecologist during pregnancy. |
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safety in breastfeeding | note | SABAs are generally considered safe for use during breastfeeding, with minimal amounts likely to be transferred into breast milk. | recommendation | Use only as prescribed by a pediatrician, if breastfeeding. |
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side effects | 1 | Tremor | 2 | Tachycardia | 3 | Palpitations | 4 | Headache | 5 | Anxiety | 6 | Nausea | 7 | Muscle cramps | 8 | Dry mouth | 9 | Possible worsening of asthma in some cases. |
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alternatives | |
contraindications | 1 | Known hypersensitivity to beta2 agonists or other components of the medication | 2 | Severe heart disease | 3 | Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism |
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interactions | 1 | Caution with concurrent use of other medications that affect heart rate or blood pressure. | 2 | May enhance the effects of other bronchodilators but also increase risk of side effects |
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warnings and precautions | 1 | Monitor for excessive use which may indicate uncontrolled asthma/COPD and requires further evaluation. | 2 | Patient education on proper inhaler technique is crucial. | 3 | Do not use excessively or for prolonged periods without medical supervision. Repeated use might lead to tolerance (tachyphylaxis) and reduced effectiveness. | 4 | May mask or delay the onset of life-threatening respiratory symptoms, thus needing further evaluation. |
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additional information | note | This information is for general knowledge only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance regarding your specific condition and treatment options. | important notes | SABAs are rescue medications. They provide rapid relief but do not treat the underlying causes of asthma or COPD. If you experience persistent or worsening symptoms, consult a physician immediately. |
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patient specific info | age and weight considerations | While age and weight are not primary factors influencing dosage for SABAs, they are taken into consideration in determining dosage and frequency. The 25-year-old, 70kg patient should follow prescribed dosage and frequency of use. |
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