| name | Retinoids (Vitamin A Derivatives) |
| classification | Vitamin Derivatives, Topical and Systemic Medications |
| pharmacokinetics | Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of retinoids vary by specific form and route of administration. Oral retinoids are extensively metabolized in the liver, with a significant portion converted to inactive metabolites. Topical retinoids are absorbed locally, with limited systemic effects. Elimination is primarily through the liver and bile. |
| dosage | Dosage varies greatly depending on the specific retinoid, indication, and patient. Always follow the prescription instructions provided by a qualified healthcare professional. This information does not constitute medical advice. |
| indications | | 1 | Acne vulgaris | | 2 | Hyperplasia | | 3 | Certain cancers | | 4 | Psoriasis | | 5 | Eczema | | 6 | Hyperkeratosis |
|
| safety pregnancy | Retinoids are contraindicated during pregnancy due to teratogenic potential (risk of birth defects). Consultation with a healthcare professional is essential. |
| safety breastfeeding | Safety of retinoids during breastfeeding is uncertain and generally not recommended. Potential risks to the infant should be considered. Consult with a healthcare professional or lactation consultant. |
| side effects | | 1 | Dry skin | | 2 | Scaling | | 3 | Peeling | | 4 | Photosensitivity | | 5 | Mouth sores | | 6 | Nausea | | 7 | Vomiting | | 8 | Liver damage (oral retinoids) | | 9 | Headache | | 10 | Flu-like symptoms | | 11 | Hair thinning/loss | | 12 | Skin irritation/inflammation |
|
| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Hypersensitivity/allergy to retinoids | | 2 | Severe liver disease | | 3 | Pregnancy | | 4 | Active peptic ulcer | | 5 | Conditions with potential for skin breakdown | | 6 | Concurrent use of certain medications |
|
| interactions | Retinoids can interact with other medications (e.g., acne treatments, birth control, cholesterol medications). Consult a doctor about potential interactions with all medications being used. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Caution in patients with pre-existing skin conditions (e.g., eczema) | | 2 | Use sunscreen with high SPF when using topical retinoids | | 3 | Monitor liver function if taking oral retinoids | | 4 | Do not use during pregnancy or breastfeeding | | 5 | Administer with caution in patients with liver disease or a history of skin reactions | | 6 | Appropriate monitoring may be needed for certain forms | | 7 | Apply topical retinoids at night or use in conjunction with sunscreen to minimize sun exposure |
|
| additional information | Multiple retinoid forms exist with varying properties. Consult a healthcare professional or dermatologist for appropriate use and dosage. |
| patient specific details | | missing patient details | Patient-specific details (age, weight, gender) are omitted to protect patient confidentiality and to prevent the creation of a patient profile, as this is a generic drug profile and not a specific patient consultation record. |
|
| disclaimer | This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any new medication or treatment. |
