| drug name | Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (IUS) |
| classification | Hormonal contraceptive |
| pharmacokinetics | Levonorgestrel is released slowly from the IUS into the uterus. The drug primarily exerts its contraceptive effects locally within the uterus. Specific absorption and systemic levels vary depending on the formulation and individual patient factors, but systemic levels are generally low. |
| suggested dosage | The IUS is a single-use device placed by a healthcare professional. It does not require daily dosing. |
| indications | Contraception, management of heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia). |
| safety in pregnancy | The IUS is contraindicated if pregnancy is suspected or confirmed. If the IUS is placed during pregnancy, it should be removed promptly. |
| safety in breastfeeding | The IUS is generally considered safe for use during breastfeeding, as systemic hormone levels are relatively low. |
| side effects | | 1 | Spotting or bleeding irregularities (including prolonged or unpredictable bleeding patterns, amenorrhea). | | 2 | Acne | | 3 | Breast tenderness | | 4 | Headache | | 5 | Mood changes | | 6 | Nausea | | 7 | Weight changes | | 8 | Pelvic pain | | 9 | Vaginal infections | | 10 | Migraine |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known or suspected pregnancy | | 2 | Undiagnosed genital bleeding | | 3 | Uterine abnormalities (e.g., severe fibroids, previous uterine surgery) | | 4 | Known hypersensitivity to levonorgestrel or other components of the IUS | | 5 | History of ectopic pregnancy | | 6 | Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) |
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| interactions | | 1 | Information on potential drug interactions is limited and highly variable depending on co-administered medications. Consult with a healthcare professional for potential interactions with concomitant medications. | | 2 | The IUS may not alter absorption of other drugs but co-administration should be discussed with a physician. |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Regular check-ups with a healthcare professional are crucial to monitor the device's placement and detect any potential complications. | | 2 | The IUS is effective but not foolproof in preventing pregnancy. It should not be considered an alternative to proper STI prevention measures if engaging in sexual activity with multiple partners. | | 3 | Patients should be aware of potential side effects and seek medical advice if they experience any concerning symptoms. | | 4 | The IUS is a long-term contraceptive method that should be discussed thoroughly with the patient prior to use. | | 5 | Proper insertion and removal technique is critical. Only qualified healthcare professionals should place and remove the IUS. |
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| additional information | The IUS is a highly effective and convenient long-term method of contraception. It's important to discuss the benefits and risks with a healthcare provider, especially considering individual health factors. Patient's age and weight (70kg) do not influence the IUS's effectiveness, but patient's medical history, such as a history of blood clots, should be considered for the decision-making process. |
| patient age | 25 years |
| patient weight | 70 kg |
