| drug | Polymyxin B Sulfate |
| classification | Antibiotic (Aminoglycoside-like) |
| pharmacokinetics | | absorption | Poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Primarily administered topically or intravenously. | | distribution | Limited distribution to tissues and fluids, primarily affecting the local site of application, such as the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Concentrations in the blood are usually low, especially after oral administration. | | metabolism | Minimal hepatic metabolism. | | excretion | Primarily excreted by the kidneys. | | half life | Variable; depends on route of administration and renal function |
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| suggested dosage | | note | Dosage depends on the specific indication (e.g., skin infection, eye infection, systemic infection) and severity of the condition. Consult with a healthcare professional. | | topical example | Apply a thin film to the affected area as directed by a physician. | | intravenous example | Administered intravenously in appropriate doses by a medical professional. |
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| indications | | 1 | Topical infections (skin, eye) | | 2 | Severe systemic infections (e.g., sepsis, pneumonia) in cases where other antibiotics are not effective or are contraindicated. |
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| safety in pregnancy | Limited data. Use only when potential benefits outweigh potential risks. Consult with a healthcare professional. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Limited data available. Use with caution, and consider the potential risks to the infant. Consult with a healthcare professional. |
| side effects | | 1 | Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage): This is a serious adverse effect, especially with prolonged or high doses, and can range from mild to severe. | | 2 | Neurotoxicity (nervous system effects): Including peripheral neuropathy and, rarely, seizures. | | 3 | Local irritation (e.g., stinging, burning): Possible with topical application. | | 4 | Allergic reactions: Including rash, itching, and anaphylaxis. |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity to polymyxin B or other aminoglycosides | | 2 | Severe renal impairment | | 3 | History of neurotoxicity. |
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| interactions | | 1 | Concurrent use with other nephrotoxic drugs can increase the risk of kidney damage. | | 2 | Concurrent use with other aminoglycoside antibiotics may lead to additive nephrotoxicity |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Monitor kidney function closely, especially during prolonged use or in patients with pre-existing renal impairment. | | 2 | Monitor for signs and symptoms of neurotoxicity (e.g., paresthesia, weakness, dizziness). | | 3 | Dosage adjustments may be necessary based on renal function. | | 4 | Avoid use in patients with known myasthenia gravis (a neuromuscular disorder). |
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| additional information | | patient specific considerations | Age and weight (70 kg in a 25-year-old male) are not directly factors affecting the dosage of polymyxin B sulfate. However, pre-existing kidney conditions or other factors must be considered by a doctor to tailor the proper dosage. | | special notes | Polymyxin B is primarily used in situations where other antibiotics are unsuitable or ineffective. This is critical for appropriate use and to prevent potential risks to the patient. |
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