| name | Retin-A (Tretinoin) |
| classification | Retinoid, Topical |
| pharmacokinetics | Tretinoin is a topical medication. It is readily absorbed into the skin and acts locally. The mechanism of action involves regulating cell turnover and collagen production. Its precise pharmacokinetics are not as clinically significant as the topical effects. Bioavailability is high due to direct application. Metabolism is primarily in the skin. Excretion is via the liver and bile. |
| suggested dosage | | male patient 25 70kg | Typically started with a low concentration (0.025%) once daily at night. Dosage and frequency should be individualized based on skin tolerance. Increasing to 0.05%, 0.1%, or higher concentrations may be necessary over time, but only under physician supervision. For acne, 0.025% to 0.1% strengths are common. Use as directed by the prescribing physician. | | important note | This is a general guideline. A healthcare professional should determine the appropriate dosage and regimen for an individual patient. |
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| indications | | 1 | Acne vulgaris | | 2 | Photoaging and wrinkles (treating wrinkles/fine lines) | | 3 | Actinic keratoses (precancerous skin lesions) | | 4 | Treatment of some types of psoriasis |
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| safety in pregnancy | Retinoids are generally not recommended for use during pregnancy due to potential risk of fetal abnormalities. If pregnancy is suspected or occurs while using tretinoin, discontinue use immediately and inform the healthcare provider. |
| safety in breastfeeding | There is some concern that tretinoin may be present in breast milk. The amount may be minimal, but the safety of use in breastfeeding mothers is not fully established. Discontinue use or consult the prescribing healthcare professional if breastfeeding. |
| side effects | | 1 | Skin irritation (redness, dryness, scaling, burning, stinging) | | 2 | Photosensitivity (increased skin sensitivity to sunlight) | | 3 | Peeling or flaking skin | | 4 | Acne flare (in some cases) | | 5 | Rarely, more serious skin reactions |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity or allergy to tretinoin or other retinoids | | 2 | Active skin infections or inflammation in the area to be treated | | 3 | Severe skin disorders | | 4 | Use in conjunction with other retinoids or strong photosensitizers |
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| interactions | | 1 | Other topical medications (e.g., some acne medications) | | 2 | Certain medications that increase sun sensitivity | | 3 | Important note: A complete medication list is required to fully assess for potential interactions. Always inform your physician about all medications, supplements, and herbal remedies you are taking. |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Start with a low concentration and gradually increase as tolerated. | | 2 | Avoid prolonged sun exposure and use sunscreen with a high SPF when using tretinoin. | | 3 | Inform the physician if the patient has any underlying skin conditions or allergies. | | 4 | Follow the physician's instructions carefully. | | 5 | Do not use in eyes or mucous membranes. |
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| additional information | Tretinoin is a potent retinoid that may take several weeks or months to show significant results. Patience and consistency are important. Regular follow-up with the prescribing physician is essential to assess efficacy and monitor for side effects. |
| important disclaimer | This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional for any health concerns or before making any decisions related to your health or treatment. |
