| name | Cetirizine |
| classification | Antihistamine, H1-receptor antagonist |
| pharmacokinetics | Cetirizine is well absorbed orally, with peak plasma concentrations typically reached within 1-2 hours. It is extensively metabolized in the liver. The primary metabolite, desacetylcetirizine, is also active. The elimination half-life is typically 8-11 hours in adults. Renal excretion is the primary route of elimination for both cetirizine and its metabolite. |
| suggested dosage | | adults | Typically, 10 mg once daily. For allergic rhinitis, doses may range from 5 mg to 20 mg, once daily. | | children | Dosage depends on age and weight and should be determined by a physician. | | notes | Dosage should be adjusted based on individual patient response and severity of condition. |
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| indications | Cetirizine is used for the relief of symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis (hay fever), urticaria (hives), and allergic conjunctivitis. |
| safety in pregnancy | Cetirizine is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy, although careful consideration should be given to potential risks and benefits in consultation with a physician. Limited data exist. No clear evidence supports risks to the fetus. However, use in first trimester is not recommended unless the benefit clearly outweighs any potential risk. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Cetirizine is secreted into breast milk, but the amounts are generally considered low and unlikely to cause adverse effects in the infant. Consult a physician before use if breastfeeding. |
| side effects | | 1 | Drowsiness | | 2 | Headache | | 3 | Dry mouth | | 4 | Fatigue | | 5 | Nausea | | 6 | Vomiting | | 7 | Diarrhea | | 8 | Constipation | | 9 | Loss of appetite | | 10 | Rarely, more serious but less common side effects including allergic reactions (rash, hives, swelling), difficulty breathing, or severe dizziness. |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity to cetirizine or other H1-receptor antagonists. | | 2 | Severe hepatic impairment may necessitate dosage adjustment or contraindication. |
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| interactions | Cetirizine may interact with other medications. Consult a physician or pharmacist for a complete list of potential drug interactions. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Use with caution in patients with pre-existing liver or kidney problems. | | 2 | May cause drowsiness, so avoid operating machinery or driving until the effects have subsided. | | 3 | Not for use in children under the age of 6 months without specific medical advice. | | 4 | Should be used with caution in patients with a history of depression or other psychiatric conditions. |
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| additional informations | Cetirizine is available in various formulations, including tablets, liquids, and nasal sprays. |
| patient specific notes | | age | 25 years - Adult dosage applies | | weight | 70 kg - Adult dosage applies | | recommendations | Consult a physician before taking Cetirizine, especially if you have any pre-existing medical conditions or are taking other medications. |
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